Multiple pump apparatus



July 12, 1966 .1. s. BERNARD 3,260,211

MULTIPLE PUMP APPARATUS Filed Aug. 16, 1965 *1 j INVENTORE' UnitedStates Patent 3,260,211 MULTIPLE PUMP APPARATUS John Springer Bernard,2060 East 4800 South, Salt Lake City, Utah Filed Aug. 16, 1965, Ser. No.479,945 3 Claims. (Cl. 103-4) This application is a continuation-in-partof my copending application, Serial Number 262,633, which was filedMarch 4, 1963.

This invention relates to pumping apparatus which pump and deliverliquids by means of reciprocating plungers or pistons, and particularlyto pumps of this class which pump and deliver two or more liquids duringeach apparatus stroke cycle.

The prior case dealt with the use of -a primary and a secondary pistonencased in the same pump cylinder bore and the operation of thisarrangement to effect the sequential delivery of a first and then asecond liquid. The present invention deals with an arrangement which iscapable of effecting either the simultaneous or the sequential deliveryof two liquids.

The basic difference between this and my prior invention is that theprior apparatus employs an auxiliary piston to effect two pumping anddelivery actions from the same cylinder bore, whereas the auxiliarypiston of the present apparatus is utilized to effect a single pumpingand delivery stroke from one cylinder bore while a simultaneous pumpingand delivery stroke is being performed in a second pump cylinder.

The present apparatus is primarily designed to deliver two differentgrades of fuel to a main cylinder or to an auxiliary pre-combustionchamber of an internal combustion engine. In the intended application ahigh test gasoline will be delivered to a pre-combustion chamber and beignited therein and a second fuel of a much lower grade will be injectedinto the burning first fuel charge as it is being passed from thepre-combustion chamber into the main cylinder of the engine.

The pump will also have many other useful applications as it may serveto pump and deliver a wide variety of liquids and, as hereinafterdescribed, the pump can be designed to deliver these liquids in anypredetermined sequence. Therefore, whenever it is necessary or desirableto deliver tw-o liquids and precisely time their delivery, the inventiveconcepts herein advanced may be utilized.

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawing, wherein:

FIGURE 1 shows an end view of a pump cylinder block and a pistoncylinder combination suitable for pumping and delivering two liquidssimultaneously;

FIGURE 2 shows an alternate means for reciprocating the pistons inunison; and

FIGURE 3 shows a means whereby the pistons may be reciprocated in astaggered sequence.

The apparatus of FIGURE 1 has an outer casing or housing 1 sectioned andformed in a convenient manner so as to provide two chambers 4 and 4awhich are separated one from the other by the cylinder block 2. A cover5, res-ting on the upper center portion of the block 2 and bolted orotherwise affixed to the side and end walls of the casing 1 maysatisfactorily serve to seal the two chambers 4 and 4a and therebyprevent the fuels or liquids to be contained therein from leakingtherefrom and/ or mixing wit-h one another.

Liquid ducts 6 and 6a are to be extended from the receptacles and wouldconnect to independent sources of liquid (not'illustrated). These ductsare to be adapted to bring a first liquid into the area A and a secondliquid into the area B. These liquids would fill their respectivereceptacles to a level sufiicient to submerge the intake ducts 11 and11a.

A pair of cylinder bores 3 and 3a are to be provided in the block 2 foreach engine cylinder or for such other intended points of delivery forthe liquids A and B. One cylinder bore 3 would preferably extend throughthe block and have a lateral fuel intake duct 11 for communicating thebore 3 with its liquid chamber 4. The intake duct 11 may be arranged inthe block so as to intersect the bore 3 within the inward and theoutward reciprocating limit of the plunger 7 as shown in theillustration. In this case the plunger 7 will act as a valve for closingthe intake duct 11. When the plunger 7 is utilized as the means to sealoff the intake duct 11 all downward plunger movement below the lowermostportion of the intake duct is effective in forcing the liquid B throughthe duct 12, around the check valve 13, and through the delivery duct14. It will be noted that an adjustable reciprocating means 9 wouldallow the effective stroke of the plunger 7 to be altered and thusvariable amounts of the liquid B could be pumped and delivered.

Another obvious manner of entering fuel into the bore 3 would be toprovide a check valve (not illustrated) of any suitable design in theintake duct 11 and if such check valve arrangement were provided thepoint of intersection of the duct 11 with the bore 3 could be positionedbelow the lowermost reciprocating limit of the plunger 7. However,providing a check valve means in the intake duct 11 and positioning itspoint of intersection with the cylinder 3 below the reciprocating limitof the plunger 7 will only permit constant amounts of the liquid B to bepumpedand delivered as all plunger movement would be effective.

The lower extremity of the bore 3 should contain a check valve 13. Thischeck valve may be adapted to seat against a discharge duct 12 of asmaller diameter than the main cylinder bore 3 as illustrated. It isdesirable to have the check valve arrangement 13 as near to the intakeduct 11 as the lowermost reciprocating limit of the plunger 7 willallow, but if this is not possible in a particular design the checkvalve may be positioned outside the block 2 in any convenient positionalong the delivery line 14.

The second cylinder bore 3a would be parallel with the cylinder bore 3and extended into the block 2. The bore 3a is adapted to contain anauxiliary free piston 18 which has a diameter corresponding to thediameter of bore 3a. The free piston 18 is to be held below thelowermost reciprocating limit of the plunger 7a by a suitableobstruction such as the illustrated rivet 17. A compression spring 19,adapted to operate between the bottom of the piston 18 and the bottom ofthe bore 3a, urges the piston 18 to assume a normal position of restagainst the obstruction 17. A relief duct 20 is provided below thelowermost reciprocating limit of the piston 18 and communicates thebottom of the bore 3a with the liquid chamber 4a.

The intake duct 11a is extended through the bore 311 in a manner whichprovides a linear distance between the points 15 and 16 Where duct 11aintersects and passes through the bore 3a. The distance between thesepoints 15 and 16, together with the diameter of the bore 3a determinesthe maximum amount of fuel or liquid which can be ejected from the bore3a. An economical and practical means of establishing the volume limitof the pumping stroke from the cylinder 3a is to alter the angle of theintake duct 11a. In FIGURE 1 the intake duct 11a is extended through thebore 3a on a rather pronounced angle so as to better illustrate thedistance between points 15 and 16. Altering this angle will change thelinear distance between these points and thus alter the volume of liquidwhich can be pumped from the cylinder 3a.

The plunger 7a, as it passes the point 15 on its downward stroke willbegin to force the liquid A through the discharge duct 12a, around thecheck valve 13a, and on through the delivery duct 14a to the intendeddelivery point for the liquid A.

When the plunger 7a passes the point 16 a hydraulic coupling will beestablished between the bottom of the plunger 3a and the top of the freepiston 18. The force of the pistons downward movement is transferredthrough the liquid coupling and acts to force the free piston 18downward and thus forces that part of the liquid A below the piston 18out of the bore 3a through the relief duct 20.

A critical point in the construction of the apparatus is to have thediameter of the piston 18 precisely conform to the diameter of the bore3a and to insure that the spring 19 is stronger than any pressure actingagainst the liquid in the delivery line 14. Should the spring 19 beweaker than the resistance in the delivery line 14 the delivery ofliquid A cannot be effected.

The illustrations show three means for reciprocating the plungers 7 and7a. The arrangement in FIGURE 1 shows the outward extremity of theplungers 7 and 7a fastened onto a cap 8. A compression spring 10,operative between the cover and the under side of the cap 8, holds theassembly in contact with a cam 9. Thus, whenever the cam 9 is rotated,the plungers will reciprocate in unison.

FIGURE 2 illustrates a cam 9 made large enough to catch the caps 8 ofboth plungers 7 and 7a. The elongated cam 9 will, with the aid of thesprings 10, reciprocate the plungers 7 and 7a in unison.

FIGURE 3 shows a means for staggering the delivery times of liquids Aand B. By providing individual cams 9 and 9a for the respective plungers7 and 7a, any delivery sequence for the liquids may be established. Inthis particular illustration the cam 9 will start the downward, oreifective stroke of the plunger 7 prior to the cam 9a starting thedownward stroke of the plunger 7a. When the intake ducts 11 and 11a arepositioned at a uniform depth as shown in FIGURE 1 this cam arrangementwill start the delivery of liquid B prior to the delivery of liquid A.It can be readily seen that, by positioning the cams 9 with respect tothe cams 9a, any sequence of delivery for the liquids A and B may beestablished.

The foregoing specifications clearly set forth the invention; namely,the use of an auxiliary free piston to effect the simultaneous orsequential delivery of two liquids from a pump apparatus. It is to beclearly understood that the selected embodiment in no way limits thedesign of an apparatus utilizing this invention and that all rights arereserved when any application falls within the scope of the claimshereinafter set forth.

I claim:

1. A dual delivery pump apparatus having a cylinder block, a firstcylinder bore in said block, a first reciprocating plunger slideablyreceived in said first bore, a liquid duct through said block and angledthrough said first bore between the inward and the outward reciprocatinglimits of said first plunger, an obstruction within and partiallyblocking said first bore below the innermost reciprocating limit of saidfirst reciprocating plunger, an auxiliary free piston mounted forreciprocation within said first bore inward from said obstruction, acompression spring within said bore below said free piston, a reliefduct communieating the bottom of said first bore with said first liquidand a second cylinder bore in said block vertically aligned with saidfirst bore, there being a second reciprocating plunger member slideablyreceived in said second bore and a cap means joining the free ends ofsaid plungers outside of said block, said cap engaged with the apparatusreciprocating means.

2. A reciprocating piston type pump apparatus comprised of thecombination of a cylinder block having a center portion containing twoindependent and vertically aligned cylinder bores; sealed liquidreceptacles on opposite sides of said center portion; a reciprocatingmember having a cap with two piston extremities fastened thereto in amanner aligning said pistons with said cylinders, the free ends of saidpistons being mounted for reciprocation within said cylinder; a liquidduct extending from each such receptacle and engaged with independentsources of liquid, each said liquid adapted to flow through itsrespective duct into its respective receptacle; an intake ductcommunicating one such cylinder with one such liquid and a second intakeduct communicating the second cylinder with the second such liquid, saidducts engaging their respective cylinders at a point between the inwardand the outward reciprocating limits of said pistons; a discharge ductin the first named cylinder below the inward reciprocating limit of saidreciprocating member; a discharge duct in the second named cylinderbelow said cylinders intake duct and within the inward and outwardreciprocating limit of said reciprocating member; an obstruction withinand partially blocking said second named cylinder below the innermostreciprocating limit of said reciprocating member; a free piston mountedfor reciprocation within said second named cylinder inward from saidobstruction; a compression spring within and operative between said freepiston and the bottom of said second named cylinder; and a relief ductmeans communicating the bottom portion of said second named cylinderwith its respective liquid receptacle.

3. A liquid pumping and delivering apparatus comprising the combinationof a pump cylinder block; a first liquid receptacle adjoined to a sideof said block, a second liquid receptacle, adjoined to said block on theside opposite from said first liquid receptacle, a first cylinder boredin said block, a first plunger member having an end portion thereofequal in diameter to and slideably received in said first cylinder, asecond cylinder bored in said block parallel to said first cylinder, asecond plunger member having an end portion thereof equal in diameter toand slideably received in said second cylinder, said plungers havingcaps outward from said block engaged with the apparatus reciprocatingmember, a first liquid admitting duct extended from said first liquidreceptacle and engaged with said first cylinder between the inward andthe outward reciprocating limits of said first plunger, a first liquiddischarging duct engaged with said first cylinder inward from theinnermost reciprocating limit of said first plunger, said first liquiddischarging duct adapted to deliver said first liquid through a checkvalve means to a predetermined delivery point outside of said block, asecond liquid admitting duct extended from said second liquid receptacleand engaged with said second cylinder between the inward and the outwardreciprocating limits of said second plunger, a second liquid dischargingduct engaged with said second cylinder, said second liquid dischargingduct being engaged with said second cylinder at a point within thereciprocating range of said second plunger and inward from said secondliquid admitting duct, an obstruction within and partially blocking saidsecond cylinder inward from the innermost reciprocating limit of saidsecond plunger, a free piston member having a diameter equal to saidsecond cylinder and mounted for reciprocation therein below saidobstruction, a compression spring within and operative between theinward extremity of said free piston and the bottom of said secondcylinder and a relief duct communicating said second liquid receptaclewith said second cylinder at a point below the innermostreciproca-ting'limits of said free piston.

LAURENCE V. EFNER, Primary Examiner.

1. A DUAL DELIVERY PUMP APPARATUS HAVING A CYLINDER BLOCK, A FIRSTCYLINDER BORE IN SAID BLOCK, A FIRST RECIPROCATING PLUNGER SLIDEABLYREIVED IN SAID FIRST BORE, A LIQUID DUCT THROUGH SAID BLOCK AND ANGLEDTHROUGH SAID FIRST BORE BETWEEN THE INWARD AND THE OUTWARD RECIPROCATINGLIMITS OF SAID FIRST PLUNGER, AN OBSTRUCTION WITHIN AND PARTIALLYBLOCKING SAID FIRST BORE BELOW THE INNERMOST RECIPROCATING LIMIT OF SAIDFIRST RECIPROCATING PLUNGER, AND AUXILIARY PISTON MOUNTED FORRECIPROCATING WITHIN SAID FIRST BORE INWARD FROM SAID OBSTRUCTION, ACOMPRESSION SPRING WITHIN SAID BORE BELOW SAID FREE PISTON, A RELIEFDUCT COMMUNICATING THE BOTTOM OF SAID FIRST BORE WITH SAID FIRST LIQUIDAND A SECOND CYLINDER BORE IN SAID BLOCK VERTICALLY ALIGNED WITH SAIDFIRST BORE, THERE BEING A SECOND RECIPROCATING PLUNGER MEMBER SLIDEABLYRECEIVED IN SAID SECOND BORE AND A CAP MEANS JOINING THE FREE ENDS OFSAID PLUNGERS OUTSIDE OF SAID BLOCK, SAID CAP ENGAGED WITH THE APPARATUSRECIPROCATING MEANS.